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Important Wallet/Keystore Commands Oracle12c


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Oracle 12c Wallet/KeyStore Administration Commands

Creating a Keystore

Examples
The following statement creates a password-protected software keystore in directory /etc/ORACLE/WALLETS/orcl:
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/WALLETS/orcl' IDENTIFIED BY password;
The following statement creates an auto-login software keystore from the keystore created in the previous statement:
SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  CREATE AUTO_LOGIN KEYSTORE FROM KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/WALLETS/orcl'
  IDENTIFIED BY password;

Opening a Keystore

Examples
The following statement opens a password-protected software keystore
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEYSTORE OPEN
  IDENTIFIED BY password;
If you are connected to a CDB, then the following statement opens a password-protected software keystore in the current container:
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEYSTORE OPEN
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  CONTAINER = CURRENT;
The following statement opens a keystore whose password is stored in the external store:
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEYSTORE OPEN
  IDENTIFIED BY EXTERNAL STORE;

Closing a Keystore

Examples
The following statement closes a password-protected software keystore:
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEYSTORE CLOSE
  IDENTIFIED BY password;
The following statement closes an auto-login software keystore:
SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEYSTORE CLOSE;
The following statement closes a keystore whose password is stored in the external store:
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEYSTORE CLOSE
  IDENTIFIED BY EXTERNAL STORE;

Backing Up a Keystore

Example
The following statement creates a backup of a password-protected software keystore. The backup is stored in directory /etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB1 and the backup file name contains the tag hr.emp_keystore.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  BACKUP KEYSTORE USING 'hr.emp_keystore'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  TO '/etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB1/';

Changing a Keystore Password

Example
The following statement changes the password for a password-protected software keystore. It also creates a backup of the keystore, with the tag pwd_change, before changing the password.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  ALTER KEYSTORE PASSWORD IDENTIFIED BY old_password
  SET new_password WITH BACKUP USING 'pwd_change';

Merging Two Keystores Into a New Keystore

Example
The following statement merges an auto-login software keystore with a password-protected software keystore to create a new password-protected software keystore at a new location:
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  MERGE KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB1'
  AND KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB2'
    IDENTIFIED BY existing_keystore_password
  INTO NEW KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB3'
    IDENTIFIED BY new_keystore_password;

Merging a Keystore Into an Existing Keystore

Example
The following statement merges an auto-login software keystore into a password-protected software keystore. It also creates a backup of the password-protected software keystore before performing the merge.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  MERGE KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB1'
  INTO EXISTING KEYSTORE '/etc/ORACLE/KEYSTORE/DB2'
    IDENTIFIED BY existing_keystore_password
  WITH BACKUP;

Creating and Activating a Master Encryption Key

Examples
The following statement creates and activates a master encryption key in a password-protected software keystore. It encrypts the key using the SEED128 algorithm. It also creates a backup of the keystore before creating the new master encryption key.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET KEY USING ALGORITHM 'SEED128'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;
The following statement creates a master encryption key in a password-protected software keystore, but does not activate the key. It also creates a backup of the keystore before creating the new master encryption key.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  CREATE KEY USING TAG 'mykey1'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;
The following query displays the key identifier for the master encryption key that was created in the previous statement:
SQL>SELECT TAG, KEY_ID
  FROM V$ENCRYPTION_KEYS
  WHERE TAG = 'mykey1';
TAG     KEY_ID
---     ----------------------------------------------------
mykey1  ARgEtzPxpE/Nv8WdPu8LJJUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
The following statement activates the master encryption key that was queried in the previous statement. It also creates a backup of the keystore before activating the new master encryption key.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  USE KEY 'ARgEtzPxpE/Nv8WdPu8LJJUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;

Setting a Key Tag

Example
This example assumes that the keystore is closed. The following statement temporarily opens the keystore and changes the tag to mykey2 for the master encryption key that was activated in the previous example. It also creates a backup of the keystore before changing the tag.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET TAG 'mykey2' FOR 'ARgEtzPxpE/Nv8WdPu8LJJUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA'
  FORCE KEYSTORE
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;

Exporting Keys

ExamplesThe following statement exports two master encryption keys from a password-protected software keystore to file /etc/TDE/export.exp. The statement encrypts the master encryption keys in the file using the secret my_secret. The identifiers of the master encryption keys to be exported are provided as a comma-separated list.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  EXPORT KEYS WITH SECRET "my_secret"
  TO '/etc/TDE/export.exp'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH IDENTIFIER IN 'AdoxnJ0uH08cv7xkz83ovwsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA',
                     'AW5z3CoyKE/yv3cNT5CWCXUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA';
The following statement exports master encryption keys from a password-protected software keystore to file /etc/TDE/export.exp. Only the keys whose tags are mytag1 or mytag2 are exported. The master encryption keys in the file are encrypted using the secret my_secret. The key identifiers are found by querying the V$ENCRYPTION_KEYS view.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  EXPORT KEYS WITH SECRET "my_secret"
  TO '/etc/TDE/export.exp'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH IDENTIFIER IN
    (SELECT KEY_ID FROM V$ENCRYPTION_KEYS WHERE TAG IN ('mytag1', 'mytag2'));
The following statement exports all master encryption keys of the database to file /etc/TDE/export.exp. The master encryption keys in the file are encrypted using the secret my_secret.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  EXPORT KEYS WITH SECRET "my_secret"
  TO '/etc/TDE/export.exp'
  IDENTIFIED BY password;
In a multitenant environment, the following statements exports all master encryption keys of the PDB salespdb, along with metadata, to file /etc/TDE/salespdb.exp. The master encryption keys in the file are encrypted using the secret my_secret. If the PDB is subsequently cloned, or unplugged and plugged back in, then the export file created by this statement can be used to import the keys into the cloned or newly plugged-in PDB.
SQL>ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = salespdb;
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  EXPORT KEYS WITH SECRET "my_secret"
  TO '/etc/TDE/salespdb.exp'
  IDENTIFIED BY password;

Importing Keys

Example
The following statement imports the master encryption keys, encrypted with secret my_secret, from file /etc/TDE/export.exp to a password-protected software keystore. It also creates a backup of the password-protected software keystore before importing the keys.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  IMPORT KEYS WITH SECRET "my_secret"
  FROM '/etc/TDE/export.exp'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;

Migrating a Keystore

Example
The following statement migrates from a password-protected software keystore to a hardware keystore. It also creates a backup of the password-protected software keystore before performing the migration.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  SET ENCRYPTION KEY IDENTIFIED BY "user_id:password"
  MIGRATE USING software_keystore_password
  WITH BACKUP;
The following statement adds secret secret1, with the tag My first secret, for client client1 to a password-protected software keystore. It also creates a backup of the password-protected software keystore before adding the secret.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  ADD SECRET 'secret1' FOR CLIENT 'client1'
  USING TAG 'My first secret'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;

Updating a Secret in a Keystore

Examples
The following statement updates the secret that was created in the previous example in a password-based software keystore. It also creates a backup of the password-protected software keystore before updating the secret.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  UPDATE SECRET 'secret1' FOR CLIENT 'client1'
  USING TAG 'New Tag 1'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;

Deleting a Secret from a Keystore

Examples
The following statement deletes the secret that was updated in the previous example from a password-protected software keystore. It also creates a backup of the password-protected software keystore before deleting the secret.
SQL>ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT
  DELETE SECRET FOR CLIENT 'client1'
  IDENTIFIED BY password
  WITH BACKUP;

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