Step By Step How to Install Oracle 18c Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server in Silent Mode

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Installing Oracle 18c Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server in Silent Mode

The Installation of oracle database is little complicated as compare to other database systems therefore for better understanding I will divide the post in 3 sections

Section1: Preparing OS for Oracle GI Installation

Section2: Preparing Storage for Oracle DB Installation

Section3: Installing Oracle and Configuring Oracle grid Infrastructure for Standalone Environment

Section1: Preparing OS for Oracle GI Installation
Steps to Install OEL7 is provided in post Installing Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 for Oracle RAC Installation

• create required OS group and OS user

login as root and create following OS groups and user. This OS user will be the owner of oracle grid infrastructure binaries and ASM instance  

#groupadd asmadmin

#groupadd oinstall

#useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin oragrid

• Create required directories and assign the ownership to oragrid:oinstall 

#chown -R oragrid:oinstall /u01/oragrid
#mkdir -p /u01/oragrid/18c/grid

#chmod -R 755 /u01/oragrid

• Modify Kernel Parameters

Edit /etc/sysctl.conf and modify following parameters as shown
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

Run following command to bring the changes in effect

#/sbin/sysctl -p

• Configure limit for oragrid User

Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.
oragrid soft    nofile  2048
oragrid hard    nofile  65536
oragrid soft    nproc   4096
oragrid hard    nproc   16384
oragrid soft    stack   10240
oragrid hard    stack   32768

• Install OS Packages for Oracle

Install the following packages if they are not already Installed using rpm or yum utility. Install the possible latest version
binutils
compat-libcap1
compat-libstdc++-33
gcc
gcc-c++
glibc
glibc-devel
ksh
libgcc
libstdc++
libstdc++-devel
libaio
libaio-devel
libXext
libXtst
libX11
libXau
libxcb
libXi
make
sysstat
unixODBC
unixODBC-devel

• Disable SELINUX

Set secure Linux to disabled by editing the "/etc/selinux/config
"SELINUX=disabled

• Disable Linux Firewall

# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off

Section2: Preparing Storage for Oracle GI Installation

• Prepare the Disks for ASM

To Configure and provision the shared disks for use with Oracle ASM using oracleasmlib I have already prepared the disks partitions.
Refer Step11: Prepare ASM Disks for Shared Storage from post Step by Step Oracle RAC 12c Release 2 (12c R2) installation on Oracle VirtualBox with OEL7 in case you want the steps to partition a disk. I am using disk partitions xvdc[11-15] in this example

In this post I will prepare the disks using asmlib packages. You can also use AFD if it is supported on your OS.

• Download oracleASMLib packages

You can download the packages from here for RHEL7

• copy the packages on  the server

copy both the packages on  the server using scp or winscp

oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
oracleasm-support-2.1.11-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

• Install the oracleasmlib packages

login as root user 

$sudo su - root

# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el7        ################################# [100%]
# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.11-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:oracleasm-support-2.1.11-2.el7   ################################# [100%]
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable oracleasm.service'.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/oracleasm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/oracleasm.service

• Configure oracleasm

# oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.  The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.  The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]').  Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value.  Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: oragrid
Default group to own the driver interface []: oinstall
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done

• load oracleasm module

# oracleasm init
Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasm
Loading module "oracleasm": oracleasm
Configuring "oracleasm" to use device physical block size
Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasm

• Verify oracleasmlib configuration

# df -ha |grep -i oracleasm
oracleasmfs                     0     0     0    - /dev/oracleasm
# lsmod | grep oracleasm
oracleasm              61440  1

• Create the disk for ASM diskgroup

# oracleasm createdisk DATA1 /dev/xvdc11
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
# oracleasm createdisk DATA2 /dev/xvdc12
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done

Section3: Installing Oracle and Configuring Oracle grid Infrastructure for Standalone Environment

• Download GI Binary

Download oracle database clusterware binaries from here. 

• Transfer the GI Software

Transfer the binaries to the server where you want to install it, using winscp or tool you prefer

• Unzip the GI Software in GRID_HOME

unzip the file LINUX.X64_180000_grid_home.zip in GRID_HOME,  you need minimum 20G space to complete the installation.

$unzip /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/LINUX.X64_180000_grid_home.zip

• Perform Installation PreCheck

Login as grid user and run runcluvfy.sh to perform the pre installation check.

$/u01/oragrid/18c/grid/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre hacfg

==================================================================

Verifying Physical Memory ...FAILED (PRVF-7530) <==Minimum 8GB required

Verifying Available Physical Memory ...PASSED
Verifying Swap Size ...FAILED (PRVF-7573) <==Minimum 8GB required
Verifying Free Space: test:/usr,test:/var,test:/etc,test:/sbin,test:/tmp ...PASSED
Verifying User Existence: oragrid ...
  Verifying Users With Same UID: 1001 ...PASSED
Verifying User Existence: oragrid ...PASSED
Verifying Group Existence: dba ...FAILED (PRVG-10461) <== I am not using default dba group
Verifying Group Membership: dba ...FAILED (PRVG-10460)<== I am not using default dba group
Verifying Run Level ...PASSED
Verifying Architecture ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Version ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: semmsl ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: semmns ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: semopm ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: semmni ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: shmmax ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: shmmni ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: shmall ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: file-max ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: ip_local_port_range ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: rmem_default ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: rmem_max ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: wmem_default ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: wmem_max ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: aio-max-nr ...PASSED
Verifying OS Kernel Parameter: panic_on_oops ...PASSED
Verifying Package: binutils-2.23.52.0.1 ...PASSED
Verifying Package: compat-libcap1-1.10 ...PASSED
Verifying Package: libgcc-4.8.2 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: libstdc++-4.8.2 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: libstdc++-devel-4.8.2 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: sysstat-10.1.5 ...PASSED
Verifying Package: ksh ...PASSED
Verifying Package: make-3.82 ...PASSED
Verifying Package: glibc-2.17 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: glibc-devel-2.17 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: libaio-0.3.109 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: libaio-devel-0.3.109 (x86_64) ...PASSED
Verifying Package: nfs-utils-1.2.3-15 ...PASSED
Verifying Package: smartmontools-6.2-4 ...PASSED
Verifying Package: net-tools-2.0-0.17 ...PASSED
Verifying Users With Same UID: 0 ...PASSED
Verifying Current Group ID ...PASSED
Verifying Root user consistency ...PASSED

Pre-check for Oracle Restart configuration was unsuccessful.

Failures were encountered during execution of CVU verification request "stage -pre hacfg".

Verifying Physical Memory ...FAILED
test: PRVF-7530 : Sufficient physical memory is not available on node
          "test" [Required physical memory = 8GB (8388608.0KB)]

Verifying Swap Size ...FAILED
test: PRVF-7573 : Sufficient swap size is not available on node "test"
          [Required = 7.0505GB (7392968.0KB) ; Found = 4GB (4194300.0KB)]

Verifying Group Existence: dba ...FAILED
test: PRVG-10461 : Group "dba" selected for privileges "OSDBA" does not
          exist on node "test".

Verifying Group Membership: dba ...FAILED
test: PRVG-10460 : User "oragrid" does not belong to group "dba" selected
          for privileges "OSDBA" on node "test".

CVU operation performed:      stage -pre hacfg
Date:                         Feb 12, 2019 1:12:26 PM
CVU home:                     /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/
User:                         oragrid

==================================================================

NOTE:-Although I can safely ignore the above known failures. It is recommended that you must verify and fix the failures reported by runcluvfy prechek before you proceed ahead

• Prepare Response File for Silent Installation

Oracle provides response file templates for each product and installation type, and for each configuration tool.

Edit the response file templates located in the Grid_home/install/response directory. Change the following parameters according to your environment. Backup the responsefile before modifying it

$ cp /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp.orig

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oraInventory
oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oragrid/oraBase
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=oinstall
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin
oracle.install.asm.storageOption=ASM
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=******
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=DATA
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=NORMAL
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/oracleasm/disks/DATA1,/dev/oracleasm/disks/DATA2
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/oracleasm/disks/*
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=*******
oracle.install.asm.configureAFD=false

Caution:When you modify a response file template and save a file for use, the response file may contain plain text passwords. Ownership of the response file should be given to the Oracle software installation owner only, and permissions on the response file should be changed to 600.

NOTE:- The installer or configuration assistant fails if you do not correctly configure the response file. Also, ensure that your response file name has the .rsp suffix

• Change response file permission

$ chmod 600 /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp

• Perform the Installation in Silent Mode using response file

$  /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/gridSetup.sh -silent -ignorePrereqFailure  -responseFile /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp
Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard...

[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
   CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/orainventory/logs/GridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-00-44PM/gridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-00-44PM.log
   ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/orainventory/logs/GridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-00-44PM/gridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-00-44PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
The response file for this session can be found at:
 /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/grid_2019-02-13_03-00-44PM.rsp

You can find the log of this install session at:
 /u01/orainventory/logs/GridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-00-44PM/gridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-00-44PM.log

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
        1. /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/root.sh

Execute /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/root.sh on the following nodes:
[test]

Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).As install user, execute the following command to complete the configuration.
        /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/gridSetup.sh -executeConfigTools -responseFile /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp [-silent]

• As root use execute root.sh
  

# /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/root.sh
Check /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/root_wdtest16_2019-02-13_15-02-14-091873818.log for the output of root script

• As Grid Owner execute ConfigTools script

$ /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/gridSetup.sh -executeConfigTools -responseFile /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/install/response/gridsetup.rsp -silent

Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard...

You can find the logs of this session at:
/u01/orainventory/logs/GridSetupActions2019-02-13_03-03-58PM

Successfully Configured Software.

• Verify the Installation

$ /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/bin/cluvfy stage -post hacfg

Verifying Oracle Restart Integrity ...PASSED
Verifying OLR Integrity ...PASSED

Post-check for Oracle Restart configuration was successful.

CVU operation performed:      stage -post hacfg
Date:                         Feb 13, 2019 3:21:14 PM
CVU home:                     /u01/oragrid/18c/grid/
User:                         oragrid

$ crsctl check  has
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
$ crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       test                 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       test                 STABLE
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       test                 Started,STABLE
ora.ons
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      test                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       test                 STABLE
ora.diskmon
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.evmd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       test                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> lsdg
State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Logical_Sector  Block       AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name
MOUNTED  NORMAL  N         512             512   4096  1048576    102400   102266                0           51133              0             N  DATA/