How to Connect to Oracle Database

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Connecting to Oracle Database

There are various mechanism/tools available to connect to the oracle database eg TOAD, SQL*PLUS, PL/SQL Developer etc.

Basic information required to connect to database is same for every tool except if you are using OS authentication

Necessary information to connect to oracle database

Hostname
DB_NAME or DB_Service
Port

Connecting Using OS Authentication

$export ORACLE_SID=orcl
$export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/db_1
$export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

$sqlplus / as sysdba

$sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect sys as sysdba
OR
SQL> connect sys@tnsname as sysdba

Connecting with Easy Connect Syntax

SQL> connect username@"dbhost.example.com/sales.example.com"

SQL> connect username@"dbhost.example.com/sales.example.com:dedicated"

Connecting with Easy Connect Syntax with a Nondefault Listener Port

SQL> connect username@"dbhost.example.com:1522/sales.example.com"

Connecting by Specifying an Instance

SQL> connect username@"dbhost.example.com//orcl"

Connecting with a Net Service Name

SQL> connect username@sales1

Connecting with External Authentication

SQL> connect /@sales1

$ sqlplus /@PDB01

Connecting with SYSDBA Privilege and External Authentication

SQL> connect /@sales1 as sysdba

Read more about External Authentication Hiding Database Credentilas Using Oracle Wallet

Connecting to the Database Through the Applet

Using host:port:sid syntax

string connString="jdbc:oracle:thin:@prodHost:1521:ORCL";
............

Using TNS keyword-value syntax

String connString = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@(description=(address_list=(address=(protocol=tcp)(port=1521)(host=prodHost)))(connect_data=(INSTANCE_NAME=ORCL)))";

Authentication Methods for Database Administrators

Oracle database supports various authentication methods. I am listing the name of them. How to configure them is the topic of dedicated post.

Operating system (OS) authentication
Password based Authentication
Password file including Kerberos and SSL authentication services
Strong authentication with a directory-based authentication service, such as
Oracle Internet Directory
External Authentication

NOTE:
Operating system authentication takes precedence over password file authentication. If you meet the requirements for operating system authentication, then even if you use a password file, you will be authenticated by operating system authentication.

Hiding Database Credentilas Using Oracle Wallet

ASM and Database Password File Administration

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